Amazon Web Services (AWS) uses SSH keys to securely connect and exchange information between servers and clients. Using SSH keys greatly increases the security of your sites and applications. This article shows you how to generate and use SSH keys to connect to your AWS account managed by Media Temple.
In order to provide a public key, each user in your system must generate one if they don’t already have one. This process is similar across all operating systems. First, you should check to make sure you don’t already have a key. By default, a user’s SSH keys are stored in that user’s /.ssh directory. Sep 26, 2019 You generate an SSH key through macOS by using the Terminal application. Once you upload a valid public SSH key, the Triton Compute Service uses SmartLogin to copy the public key to any new SmartMachine you provision. Joyent recommends RSA keys because the node-manta CLI programs work with RSA keys both locally and with the ssh agent.
This guide assumes that you do not already have key pairs. If you have a key pair and you are certain that it is still secure, send the public key (.pub) file to Media Temple via your service portal.
1. Putty is a free SSH client for Windows. This guide will show you how to use Putty to generate your SSH keys and connect to your AWS server. Begin by downloading and installing Putty and it's related SSH key generation tool.
2. Open puttygen.exe and click on Generate. You will then be prompted to move your cursor around in the blank key area to generate random data. Do this until the progress bar is full and your key pair has been generated.
3. Once the key has been generated, fill in the Key comment and Key passphrase boxes. We recommend that you use your email address as the key comment. The passphrase will be required whenever you use the key. The key passphrase isn't mandatory and can be skipped by leaving the field blank, but it will significantly reduce the security of your key pair. Media Temple strongly recommends that you supply a password for your key pairs.
4. Save both your public and private keys. We recommend that you create a new folder in Documents titled 'SSH' and save your keys there.
Public Key:
user@gmail.com.pub
Private Key:
user@gmail.com.ppk
5. In order to use your new SSH key to connect to your AWS server, you must send your public key user@gmail.com.pub – to Media Temple. The easiest way to do this is to log in to your service portal and click on User Access. Either upload the .pub file to the ticket or open the file and copy/paste the contents into the ticket. After this, please allow up to 12 hours for your SSH keys to be added to your account.
Important: If you are asked to send your SSH Key or Public Key to Media Temple (or anyone else), you will only want to send the PUBLIC key file, which is the file with the “.pub” extension. If you email out the Private Key, it is no longer secure and should be replaced! Never transfer your Private Key off of your computer at any time!
After Media Temple has received and confirmed the installation of your keys, you're ready to use them to connect to your server.
There are 3 primary ways to connect to your AWS services.
SSH - Connect with Putty
These instructions show you how to configure Putty to use the SSH keys created earlier in this article.
1. Begin by opening putty.exe. Locate the Auth section in the category bar by opening Connection > SSH > Auth. Click on browse and find the your SSH keys. If you created your keys using this guide, they should be located in an SSH folder inside your Documents folder. Select the .ppk file and click Open.
2. Scroll to the top of the Category menu and select Session. Type your IP address into the Host Name block. If you're using AWS managed by Media Temple, remember that your production and dev servers have different IPs and will require 2 different sessions. Give the connection a name under Saved Sessions and click Save.
3. Once you've saved your server, select it from the list of sessions and click Open. You will receive a warning the first time you connect using your new keys. Click Yes.
4. You'll then be prompted to enter your username for your server. For Media Temple customers, this is the same as your domain. Next, type the passphrase for your key.
Pes 2017 serial key generator download. 5. Once you've entered your password, you should receive a readout similar to the one below. You are now securely connected to your AWS server.
SFTP - Connect with Cyberduck
Applications like Cyberduck and FileZilla make it easy to exchange information with servers using a graphical interface. The example in this guide uses Cyberduck, but there are many other options. Some, such as the popular FileZilla client, are free, and others have associated costs. These instructions should generally apply to other FTP programs as well.
1. If you don't already have Cyberduck, the client can be downloaded for free from their website. Download Cyberduck and install it using the packaged installer.
2. Open CyberDuck and select New Bookmark from the Bookmark dropdown.
3. Fill in the server's details.
4. Close the window and double-click on your server to open a new connection. You'll receive an 'Unknown fingerprint' warning the first time you connect. Check the 'Always' box and click Allow.
5. You'll be prompted to enter your private key passphrase. Enter it and click Login.
6. You should now be connected to your server.
MYSQL - Connect with Workbench
In order to connect to your database, you will need to use an SSH tunnel through one of your machines. All environments designed by Media Temple use industry best practices for security. This means no database is publicly accessible, and is always located in private network subnets. Using a tool like MySQL Workbench makes it easy for you to connect to your database and retrieve info if needed. There are other clients that can be used, some are free, some are not. We’re choosing to give our example with MySQL Workbench.
1. Begin by downloading and installing MySQL Installer. This is Oracle's install program and allows you to select which MySQL version and related applications you need. Make sure you pick the right installer version for your OS.
MySQL Workbench also requires that you have the following dependency installed in order to operate properly:
Visual C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2013 - http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=40784
Once the MySQL installer is running, you'll be presented with several different install options. The easiest install is to select Custom from the list and then manually add only WorkBench to the install list.
2. Click the (+) icon to create a new connection. Give your connection a name and set the connection type to “Standard TCP/IP over SSH”.
3. Enter the details from the environment document sent to you by your Media Temple support team.
You will enter in 2 sets of information. The first set is for the host computer you are connecting to, and the 2nd set is for the DB itself.
Host info:
Database Connection Info:
4. Click on Test Connection. You will then be prompted to enter the password for your private key. The first time you connect, you will also receive a SSH Server Fingerprint Missing notification. Click continue.
5. After the test is successful, click Ok to save your new connection. You may now double click on the connection tile to connect to your DB. For additional help using Workbench, refer to the official documentation.
This guide assumes that you do not already have key pairs. If you have a key pair and you are certain that it is still secure, send the public key (.pub) file to Media Temple via your service portal.
1. Begin by determining if you already have a key on your computer. Open the Terminal App for Mac or any other shell program.
2. Run the following command:
3. Run the following command to create a key, adding your email at the end:
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4. You will be asked to pick a path. You can use the default path by hitting enter.
5. You will be asked to select a password. This password will be required anytime that you use the key. This isn't required and can be skipped by pressing enter, but it will significantly reduce the security of your key pair. Media Temple strongly recommends that you supply a password for your key pairs.
6. In order to use your new SSH key to connect to your AWS server, you must send your public key –id_rsa.pub – to Media Temple. The easiest way to do this is to log in to your service portal and click on User Access. Either upload the id_rsa.pub file to the ticket or open the file and copy/paste the contents into the ticket. After this, please allow up to 12 hours for your SSH keys to be added to your account.
Important: If you are asked to send your SSH Key or Public Key to Media Temple (or anyone else), you will only want to send the PUBLIC key file, which is the file with the “.pub” extension, i.e.: ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub - If you email out the Private Key, it is no longer secure and should be replaced! Never transfer your Private Key off of your computer at any time!
After Media Temple has received and confirmed the installation of your keys, you're ready to use them to connect to your server.
There are 3 primary ways to connect to your AWS services.
SSH/SFTP - Connect with Terminal
These instructions explain how to connect to your AWS server using a terminal application. SSH allows for general server administration and SFTP is for exchanging information with your server. For general help with terminal commands and the basic Linux file structure, see this community article.
1. Open the Terminal app (Mac), or a shell (Linux). Refer to your environment document in order to get the proper IP address and username for the website you wish to connect. The environment document is the document sent to you by your Media Temple support team detailing the specifics of your AWS environment and how to connect. The username will be the same as the domain name.
2. Run one of the following commands depending on the connection type (with your proper domain name information inserted):
For SSH:
ssh mydomain.com@host.mydomain.com
For SFTP:
sftp mydomain.com@host.mydomain.com
You may encounter an unknown key warning. If prompted, type 'yes'. This will only happen the first time you connect.
Example output from a successful connection:
SFTP - Connect with FileZilla
Applications like FileZilla and Cyberduck make it easy to exchange information with servers using a graphical interface. The example in this guide uses FileZilla, but there are many other options. Some, such as the popular Cyberduck client, are free, and others have associated costs. These instructions should generally apply to other FTP programs as well.
1. If you don't already have FileZilla, the client can be downloaded for free from their website. Download FileZilla and install it using the packaged installer.
2. Open FileZilla and then select Settings from the FileZilla dropdown menu in the top left corner. From the settings menu, select SFTP and add your SSH keys by clicking on Add key file.
3. Hold command+shift+g to bring up a search field. Type ~/.ssh into the field and press ok.
4. Select id_rsa from the list and click open.
5. You may be prompted to create a converted copy of your key. Click Yes and type in the password for your key.
6. Now that you have your keys, close the settings page and fill in your connection details.
7. Click on Quickconnect. If the connection is successful, you will receive a status readout of 'Directory listing of '/home' successful.'
MySQL - Connect with Workbench
In order to connect to your database, you will need to use an SSH tunnel through one of your machines. All environments designed by Media Temple use industry best practices for security. This means no database is publicly accessible, and is always located in private network subnets. Using a tool like MySQL Workbench makes it easy for you to connect to your database and retrieve info if needed. There are other clients that can be used, some are free, some are not. We’re choosing to give our example with MySQL Workbench.
1. Begin by downloading and installing MySQL Workbench. Make sure you pick the right version for your OS.
2. Click the (+) icon to create a new connection. Give your connection a name and set the connection type to “Standard TCP/IP over SSH”.
3. Enter the details from the environment document sent to you by your Media Temple support team.
You will enter in 2 sets of information. The first set is for the host computer you are connecting to, and the 2nd set is for the DB itself.
Host info:
Database Connection Info:
4. Click on Test Connection. You will then be prompted to enter the password for your private key. The first time you connect, you will also receive a SSH Server Fingerprint Missing notification. Click continue.
5. After the test is successful, click Ok to save your new connection. You may now double click on the connection tile to connect to your DB. For additional help using Workbench, refer to the official documentation.
Common SSH commands
Using FTP and SFTP
MySQL Workbench documentation
Most Linux and Unix distribution create ssh keys for you during the installation of the OpenSSH server package. But it may be useful to be able re-generate new server keys from time to time. For example, when you duplicate VM (KVM or container) which contains an installed ssh package and you need to use different keys from cloned KVM VM guest/machine.
Let us see all steps
Login as the root and type the following command to delete files on your SSHD server:# /bin/rm -v /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*
Sample outputs:
Now create a new set of keys on your SSHD server, enter:# dpkg-reconfigure openssh-server
Sample output:
You just regenerated new ssh server keys. You need to restart ssh server:$ sudo systemctl restart ssh
OR$ /etc/init.d/ssh restart
Finally, you need to update ~/.ssh/known_hosts files on client computers, otherwise everyone will see an error message that read as follows:
Either remove host fingerprint or update the file using vi text editor (command must be typed on client machine):$ ssh-keygen -R remote-server-name-here
Now login using the ssh command:$ ssh vivek@server1.cyberciti.biz
You just regenerated OpenSSH Host Keys on a Debian or Ubuntu Linux using the dpkg-reconfigure command. For more info see the man page or this wiki page here:$ man dpkg-reconfigure
$ man sshd
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